Expert: climate change expected to bring longer wildfire seasons and more area burned
A combination of drought, heat and drier fuels is causing larger areas to burn in British Columbia, says an expert.
Kira Hoffman, a post-doctoral researcher with University of British Columbia's faculty of forestry, said climate change is expected to create longer wildfire seasons because of more drought, which leads to drier trees and grasses.
All of this leads to longer fire seasons and more area burned even though there are fewer blazes, she said.
BC Wildfire Service information officer Karley Desrosiers said the area burned is “certainly more” this year compared with previous years.
The province has seen 4,090 square kilometres scorched so far, which is about four times the year-to-date averages over both five and ten years, she said in an interview Sunday.
The area burned in 2018 was 13,000 square kilometres compared with 12,000 square kilometres the previous year.
The BC Wildfire Service said there were 257 blazes burning in the province as of Sunday afternoon.
The number of wildfires is one fewer than Saturday's update, and down from about 300 earlier in the week.
There are now 58 evacuation orders in place, affecting about 4,400 properties.
Another nearly 17,500 properties are on evacuation alert, meaning residents have been told to be ready to leave on short notice.
Desrosiers said the heat wave in late June and early July added to the increase in wildfires by drying out forest fuels.
“The drying that we would see in generally like a month to a month-and-a-half happened in a matter of seven days,” she said.
“So that made things a lot more susceptible to ignition and that's kind of what happened when we got a lot of lightning then that resulted in many new fires.”
The province is also battling lack of water with seven areas under Drought Level 4 restrictions, which are the second-most severe on B.C.'s scale of five.
The areas covered include the Salmon, Coldwater and Nicola rivers in the Thompson-Okanagan; the Kettle River, Lower Columbia Basin and West Kootenay Basin; as well as the Eastern Vancouver Island Basin.
Drought Level 4 can adversely impact fish and ecosystems with water shortages being reported in several private groundwater wells, said a news release from the province.
Hoffman said vegetation in forests dried out much earlier this year due to a lack of rainfall and record-setting temperatures that added to the increase in wildfires.
Firefighters have become “really good” at putting out wildfires to the point where forests have an overload of dead and dry fuel in the forests, she said.
“We have a problem where we have a huge fuel load in our forests, and a lot of these fires are becoming insuppressible, so they're very difficult to control,” she said.
“They're very unpredictable.”
Wildfires in the province are “complicated” by insect outbreaks, diseases, high intensity winds among other things, Hoffman said.
“That would have, you know, been mitigated by previous wildfire but they're more,” she said. “Now they're contributing to extreme wildfire events.”
This in turn has led to fewer but more higher intensity fires, she added.
One of the ways to mitigate wildfires, Hoffman said is to have prescribed burns as were done by Indigenous people.
Bob Gray, from Chilliwack, B.C., who consults for local, provincial, state and tribal governments across Canada and the United States, had said the province should burn tens of thousands of hectares every year to reduce fallen branches and leaves in forests. The Forests Ministry said it burned an average of 50 square kilometres annually from 2010 to 2019.
Hoffman said prescribed burning is considered a “risky tool” by many, but studies have shown that when done well the probability of “fire escape is very low.”
“We do need suppression. We need it in the summer months when we are dealing with really hot and dry conditions and when we have fires that may impact communities,” she said.
“But then we also need mitigation in the spring, fall and winter.”
This report by The Canadian Press was first published July 25, 2021.
CTVNews.ca Top Stories
'They needed people inside Air Canada:' Police announce arrests in Pearson gold heist
Police say one former and one current employee of Air Canada are among the nine suspects that are facing charges in connection with the gold heist at Pearson International Airport last year.
Why drivers in Eastern Canada could see big gas price spikes, and other Canadians won't
Drivers in Eastern Canada face a big increase in gas prices because of various factors, especially the higher cost of the summer blend, industry analysts say.
Customers disappointed after email listing $60K Tim Hortons prize sent in error
Several Tim Horton’s customers are feeling great disappointment after being told by the company that an email stating they won a boat worth nearly $60,000 was sent in error.
Toronto Raptors player Jontay Porter banned from NBA
Toronto Raptors player Jontay Porter has been handed a lifetime ban from The National Basketball Association (NBA) following an investigation which found he disclosed confidential information to sports bettors, the league says.
As GC Strategies partner is admonished by MPs, RCMP confirms search warrant executed
The RCMP confirmed Wednesday it had executed a search warrant at an address registered to GC Strategies. This development comes as MPs are enacting an extraordinary, rarely used parliamentary power, summoning one of its contractors to appear before the House of Commons to be admonished publicly for failing to answer questions related to the ArriveCan app.
Woman who pressured boyfriend to kill his ex in 2000s granted absences from prison
A woman who pressured her boyfriend into killing his teenage ex more than a decade ago will be allowed to leave prison for weeks at a time.
Attempt to have murder charge quashed against alleged serial killer dismissed by judge
A motion filed by the man accused of killing four Indigenous women in Winnipeg to have one of those murder charges quashed has been dismissed by the judge – weeks before the start of his trial.
Government proposes new policy for federally regulated employees to disconnect from work
In their 2024 budget, the federal government wants to amend the Canada Labour Code, so employers in federally regulated sectors will eliminate work-related communication with employees outside of scheduled hours. If implemented, this would affect roughly 500,000 across the country.
Earthquake jolts southern Japan
An earthquake with a preliminary magnitude of 6.4 hit southern Japan late on Wednesday, said the Japan Meteorological Agency, without issuing a tsunami warning.